Abstract:
Antibiotic resistance among uropathogens is an emerging public health
problem. Bacteria may be innately resistant or may acquire resistance to
antibiotics. Culture and antibiotics susceptibility testing of urine is an
important tool for the diagnosis of infection and monitoring antibiotic
resistance patterns of uropathogen. The objective of this study was to isolate
and identify Escherichia coli and assess their antibiotic resistance pattern. This
study was conducted in Surksha Hospital, Biratnagar, among suspected UTI
patients from January to June 2021. Altogether, 400 urine samples were
analyzed by the semi-quantitative culture method and uropathogens were
identified by conventional methods. A total of 109 E. coli were tested for
antimicrobial susceptibility by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as per
CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) guidelines. Out of 400
samples, 48.75% gave significant growth while 25.5% shows no growth, 24.5
% shows non-significant growth and 1.5 % shows mixed growth. The
distribution of UTI is the most common among the age group 16-49 years. E.
coli was found to be the most predominant isolate (55.5%) followed by
Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) (12.8%) and Enterococcus fecalis
(4.1%). Nitrofurantoin was found to be the most effective antibiotic followed
by ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin while cephalexin was the least effective. Out of
109 E. coli isolates, 90.8% were MDR strains. E. coli showed a higher rate of
resistance toward commonly used oral antibiotics. However, nitrofurantoin is
still active against E. coli.
Thus, nitrofurantoin could be the choice for empirical therapy of UTIs.
Description:
A
Dissertation
Submitted to The Department of Microbiology, Central
Campus of Technology Tribhuvan University, Dharan, Nepal
In Partial the Requirements for the Award
Of Degree of Masters of Science in Microbiology
(Public Health)
